MemberPath.cs source code in C# .NET

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Code:

/ 4.0 / 4.0 / DEVDIV_TFS / Dev10 / Releases / RTMRel / ndp / fx / src / DataEntity / System / Data / Map / ViewGeneration / Structures / MemberPath.cs / 1305376 / MemberPath.cs

                            //---------------------------------------------------------------------- 
// 
//      Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.
// 
// 
// @owner [....]
// @backupOwner [....] 
//--------------------------------------------------------------------- 

using System; 
using System.Data.Common.Utils;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Diagnostics; 
using System.Data.Mapping.ViewGeneration.CqlGeneration;
using System.Data.Metadata.Edm; 
using System.Linq; 

namespace System.Data.Mapping.ViewGeneration.Structures 
{

    // A class that corresponds to a path in some extent, e.g., Person,
    // Person.addr, Person.addr.state 
    internal class MemberPath : InternalBase, IEquatable
    { 
        #region Fields 
        private readonly EntitySetBase m_extent; // The base entity set and list of members in the path
        private readonly List m_path; 
        internal static readonly IEqualityComparer EqualityComparer = new MemberPathComparer();
        #endregion

        #region Constructors 
        // effects: Creates a memberpath that corresponds to path in some
        // extent (or an extent itself) 
        internal MemberPath(EntitySetBase extent, IEnumerable path) 
        {
            m_extent = extent; 
            m_path = path.ToList();
        }

        // effects: Creates a memberpath that corresponds to path in some 
        // extent (or an extent itself)
        internal MemberPath(EntitySetBase extent) 
            : this(extent, Enumerable.Empty()) 
        {
        } 

        // effects: Creates the path corresponding to "extent.member"
        internal MemberPath(EntitySetBase extent, EdmMember member)
            : this(extent, Enumerable.Repeat(member, 1)) 
        {
        } 
 
        // effects: Given a path "prefix" and a member "last",
        // creates a memberpath corresponding to the path "prefix.last" 
        internal MemberPath(MemberPath prefix, EdmMember last)
        {
            m_extent = prefix.m_extent;
            m_path = new List(prefix.m_path); 
            m_path.Add(last);
        } 
        #endregion 

        #region Properties 
        internal string LeafEdmMemberName
        {
            get
            { 
                if (m_path.Count == 0)
                { 
                    return m_extent.Name; 
                }
                else 
                {
                    return LeafEdmMember.Name;
                }
            } 
        }
 
        ///  
        /// Tells whether the first member is a computed member, as
        ///  
        internal bool IsComputed
        {
            get
            { 
                if (m_path.Count == 0)
                { 
                    return false; 
                }
                else 
                {
                    return RootEdmMember.IsStoreGeneratedComputed;
                }
            } 
        }
 
        // effects: Returns the default value stored in the metadata for 
        // this. If no default value is present, returns null
        internal object DefaultValue 
        {
            get
            {
                if (m_path.Count == 0) 
                {
                    return null; 
                } 
                Facet facet;
                if (LeafEdmMember.TypeUsage.Facets.TryGetValue(EdmProviderManifest.DefaultValueFacetName, false, out facet)) 
                {
                    return facet.Value;
                }
                return null; 
            }
        } 
 
        // effects: Returns true if the last element of this is part of the key
        internal bool IsPartOfKey 
        {
            get
            {
                if (m_path.Count == 0) 
                {
                    return false; 
                } 
                EdmProperty property = LeafEdmMember as EdmProperty;
                Debug.Assert(property != null || LeafEdmMember is AssociationEndMember); 
                return MetadataHelper.IsPartOfEntityTypeKey(property);
            }
        }
 
        internal bool IsNullable
        { 
            get 
            {
                if (m_path.Count == 0) 
                {
                    return false;
                }
                return MetadataHelper.IsMemberNullable(LeafEdmMember); 
            }
        } 
 
        // requires: this corresponds to an entity set or an association set end
        internal EntitySet EntitySet 
        {
            get
            {
                Debug.Assert(m_path.Count <= 1); 
                if (m_path.Count == 0)
                { 
                    return (EntitySet)m_extent; // Require clause says it is an entity set 
                }
                else 
                {
                    AssociationEndMember endMember = (AssociationEndMember)RootEdmMember;
                    EntitySet result = MetadataHelper.GetEntitySetAtEnd((AssociationSet)m_extent, endMember);
                    return result; 
                }
            } 
        } 

        internal EntitySetBase Extent 
        {
            get { return m_extent; }
        }
 
        // effects: Returns the type of attribute denoted by the path
        // For example, member type of Person.addr.zip would be integer. For 
        // extent, it is the element type 
        internal EdmType EdmType
        { 
            get
            {
                if (m_path.Count > 0)
                { 
                    return LeafEdmMember.TypeUsage.EdmType;
                } 
                else 
                {
                    return m_extent.ElementType; 
                }
            }
        }
 
        // requires: this has at least one element below the extent
        // effects: Returns the last property in this path 
        internal EdmMember LeafEdmMember 
        {
            get 
            {
                Debug.Assert(m_path.Count > 0);
                return m_path[m_path.Count - 1];
            } 
        }
 
 
        // requires: this has at least one element below the extent
        // effects: Returns the first property in this path 
        internal EdmMember RootEdmMember
        {
            get
            { 
                Debug.Assert(m_path.Count > 0);
                return m_path[0]; 
            } 
        }
 
        // effects: Given a memberpath and block alias, returns a valid Cql
        // identifier of the form "blockAlias.identfier". If tableAlias is
        // null, just returns identifier
        internal string CqlFieldAlias 
        {
            get 
            { 
                string alias = PathToString(true);
                if (false == alias.Contains("_")) 
                {
                    // if alias the member does not contain any _, we can replace
                    // the . with _ so that we can get a simple identifier
                    alias = alias.Replace('.', '_'); 
                }
 
                StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); 
                CqlWriter.AppendEscapedName(builder, alias);
                return builder.ToString(); 
            }
        }

        // effects: returns false iff this is 
        // * A descendant of some nullable property
        // * A descendant of an optional composition/collection 
        // * A descendant of a property that does not belong to the 
        //   basetype/rootype of its parent
        internal bool IsAlwaysDefined(Dictionary> inheritanceGraph) 
        {
            if (m_path.Count == 0)
            {
                // Extents are always defined 
                return true;
            } 
 
            EdmMember member = m_path.Last();
 
            //Dont check last member, thats the property we are testing
            for (int i = 0; i < m_path.Count - 1; i++)
            {
                EdmMember current = m_path[i]; 
                // If member is nullable then "this" will not always be defined
                if (MetadataHelper.IsMemberNullable(current)) 
                { 
                    return false;
                } 
            }

            //Now check if there are any concrete types other than all subtypes of Type defining this member
 
            //by definition association types member are always present since they are IDs
            if (m_path[0].DeclaringType is AssociationType) 
            { 
                return true;
            } 

            EntityType entitySetType = m_extent.ElementType as EntityType;
            if (entitySetType == null) //association type
            { 
                return true;
            } 
 
            //well, we handle the first case because we don't knwo how to get to subtype (i.e. the edge to avoid)
            EntityType memberDeclaringType = m_path[0].DeclaringType as EntityType; 
            EntityType parentType = memberDeclaringType.BaseType as EntityType;


            if (entitySetType.EdmEquals(memberDeclaringType) || MetadataHelper.IsParentOf(memberDeclaringType, entitySetType) || parentType == null) 
            {
                return true; 
            } 
            else if (!parentType.Abstract && !MetadataHelper.DoesMemberExist(parentType, member))
            { 
                return false;
            }

            bool result = !RecurseToFindMemberAbsentInConcreteType(parentType, memberDeclaringType, member, entitySetType, inheritanceGraph); 
            return result;
        } 
 
        private static bool RecurseToFindMemberAbsentInConcreteType(EntityType current, EntityType avoidEdge, EdmMember member, EntityType entitySetType, Dictionary> inheritanceGraph)
        { 
            Set edges = inheritanceGraph[current];

            //for each outgoing edge (from current) where the edge is not the one to avoid,
            // navigate depth-first 
            foreach (var edge in edges.Where(type => !type.EdmEquals(avoidEdge)))
            { 
                //Dont traverse above the EntitySet's Element type 
                if (entitySetType.BaseType != null && entitySetType.BaseType.EdmEquals(edge))
                { 
                    continue;
                }

                if (!edge.Abstract && !MetadataHelper.DoesMemberExist(edge, member)) 
                {
                    //found it.. I'm the concrete type that has member absent. 
                    return true; 
                }
 
                if (RecurseToFindMemberAbsentInConcreteType(edge, current /*avoid traversing down back here*/, member, entitySetType, inheritanceGraph))
                {
                    //one of the edges reachable from me found it
                    return true; 
                }
            } 
            //no body found this counter example 
            return false;
        } 

        #endregion

        #region Methods 
        // effects: Determines all the identifiers used in this and adds them to identifiers
        internal void GetIdentifiers(CqlIdentifiers identifiers) 
        { 
            // Get the extent name and extent type name
            identifiers.AddIdentifier(m_extent.Name); 
            identifiers.AddIdentifier(m_extent.ElementType.Name);
            foreach (EdmMember member in m_path)
            {
                identifiers.AddIdentifier(member.Name); 
            }
        } 
 
        // effects: Returns true iff all members are nullable properties, i.e., if even one
        // of them is non-nullable, returns false 
        internal static bool AreAllMembersNullable(IEnumerable members)
        {
            foreach (MemberPath path in members)
            { 
                if (path.m_path.Count == 0)
                { 
                    return false; // Extents are not nullable 
                }
                if (path.IsNullable == false) 
                {
                    return false;
                }
            } 
            return true;
        } 
 
        // effects: Returns a string that has the list of properties in
        // members (i.e., just the last name) if fullPath is false. Else the 
        // fullPAth is added
        internal static string PropertiesToUserString(IEnumerable members, bool fullPath)
        {
            bool isFirst = true; 
            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
            foreach (MemberPath path in members) 
            { 
                if (isFirst == false)
                { 
                    builder.Append(", ");
                }
                isFirst = false;
                if (fullPath) 
                {
                    builder.Append(path.PathToString(false)); 
                } 
                else
                { 
                    builder.Append(path.LeafEdmMemberName);
                }
            }
            return builder.ToString(); 
        }
 
        // effects: Given a member path and an alias, returns a string 
        // correspondng to the fully-qualified name tableAlias.path
        // e.g.,  T1.Address.Phone.Zip. If a subcomponent belongs to 
        // subclass, generates a treat for it, e.g. TREAT(T1 as Customer).Address
        // Or even TREAT(TREAT(T1 AS Customer).Address as USAddress).Zip
        // Returns the modified builder
        internal StringBuilder AsCql(StringBuilder inputBuilder, string blockAlias) 
        {
            // Due to the TREAT stuff, we cannot build incrementally. So we use a local 
            // StringBuilder -- it should not be that inefficient (one extra copy) 

            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); 
            CqlWriter.AppendEscapedName(builder, blockAlias);
            // Keep track of the previous type so that we can determine if we
            // need to cast or not
            EdmType prevType = m_extent.ElementType; 

            foreach (EdmMember member in m_path) 
            { 

                // If prevType is a ref (e.g., ref to CPerson), we need to get the 
                // type that it is pointing to and then look for this member in that

                StructuralType prevStructuralType;
                RefType refType = null; 
                if (Helper.IsRefType(prevType))
                { 
                    refType = (RefType)prevType; 
                    prevStructuralType = refType.ElementType;
                } 
                else
                {
                    prevStructuralType = (StructuralType)prevType;
                } 

                // Check whether the prevType has the present member in it. 
                // If not, we will need to cast the prev type to the 
                // appropriate subtype
                bool found = MetadataHelper.DoesMemberExist(prevStructuralType, member); 

                // For reference types, the key must be present in the element type itself.
                // E.g., if we have Ref(CPerson), the key must be present as CPerson.pid
                // or CPerson.Address.Phone.Number (i.e., in a complex type). Note that it cannot 
                // be present in the subtype of address or phone either, i.e., this path
                // better not have any TREAT calls 
                // We are at CPerson right now. So if we say Key(CPerson), we will get a row with 
                // all the key elements. Then we can continue going down the path in CPerson
                if (refType != null) 
                {
                    Debug.Assert(found == true, "We did not find the key property in " +
                                 "a ref's element type - it cannot be in a subtype");
                    // Emit an extract key from the ref 
                    builder.Insert(0, "Key(");
                    builder.Append(")"); 
                } 
                else if (false == found)
                { 
                    // Need to add Treat(... as ...) expression in the
                    // beginning. Note that it does handle cases like
                    // TREAT(TREAT(T1 AS Customer).Address as USAddress).Zip
                    Debug.Assert(!Helper.IsRefType(prevType), "We do not allow subtyping in key extraction from Refs"); 
                    builder.Insert(0, "TREAT(");
                    builder.Append(" AS "); 
                    CqlWriter.AppendEscapedTypeName(builder, member.DeclaringType); 
                    builder.Append(')');
                } 

                // Add the member's name. We had a path "T1.A.B" till now
                builder.Append('.');
                CqlWriter.AppendEscapedName(builder, member.Name); 
                prevType = member.TypeUsage.EdmType;
            } 
            inputBuilder.Append(builder.ToString()); 
            return inputBuilder;
        } 

        public bool Equals(MemberPath right)
        {
            return EqualityComparer.Equals(this, right); 
        }
 
        public override bool Equals(object obj) 
        {
            MemberPath right = obj as MemberPath; 
            if (obj == null)
            {
                return false;
            } 
            return Equals(right);
        } 
 
        public override int GetHashCode()
        { 
            return EqualityComparer.GetHashCode(this);
        }

        // effects: Returns true if the element denoted by the path corresponds to a scalar (primitive or enum) 
        internal bool IsScalarType()
        { 
            return EdmType.BuiltInTypeKind == BuiltInTypeKind.PrimitiveType || 
                   EdmType.BuiltInTypeKind == BuiltInTypeKind.EnumType;
        } 

        internal static IEnumerable GetKeyMembers(EntitySetBase extent, MemberDomainMap domainMap)
        {
            MemberPath extentPath = new MemberPath(extent); 
            List keyAttributes = new List(
                extentPath.GetMembers(extentPath.Extent.ElementType, null /* isScalar */, null /* isConditional */, true /* isPartOfKey */, domainMap)); 
            Debug.Assert(keyAttributes.Any(), "No key attributes?"); 
            return keyAttributes;
        } 

        internal IEnumerable GetMembers(EdmType edmType, bool? isScalar, bool? isConditional, bool? isPartOfKey, MemberDomainMap domainMap)
        {
            MemberPath currentPath = this; 
            StructuralType structuralType = (StructuralType)edmType;
            foreach (EdmMember edmMember in structuralType.Members) 
            { 
                if (edmMember is AssociationEndMember)
                { 
                    // get end's keys
                    foreach (MemberPath endKey in new MemberPath(currentPath, edmMember).GetMembers(
                                                         ((RefType)edmMember.TypeUsage.EdmType).ElementType,
                                                         isScalar, isConditional, true /*isPartOfKey*/, domainMap)) 
                    {
                        yield return endKey; 
                    } 
                }
                bool isActuallyScalar = MetadataHelper.IsNonRefSimpleMember(edmMember); 
                if (isScalar == null || isScalar == isActuallyScalar)
                {
                    EdmProperty childProperty = edmMember as EdmProperty;
                    if (childProperty != null) 
                    {
                        bool isActuallyKey = MetadataHelper.IsPartOfEntityTypeKey(childProperty); 
                        if (isPartOfKey == null || isPartOfKey == isActuallyKey) 
                        {
                            MemberPath childPath = new MemberPath(currentPath, childProperty); 
                            bool isActuallyConditional = domainMap.IsConditionMember(childPath);
                            if (isConditional == null || isConditional == isActuallyConditional)
                            {
                                yield return childPath; 
                            }
                        } 
                    } 
                }
            } 
        }

        // effects: Returns true if this and path1 are equivalent on the C-side via a referential constraint
        internal bool IsEquivalentViaRefConstraint(MemberPath path1) 
        {
            MemberPath path0 = this; 
 
            // Now check if they are equivalent via referential constraint
 
            // For example,
            // * Person.pid and PersonAddress.Person.pid are equivalent
            // * Person.pid and PersonAddress.Address.pid are equivalent
            // * Person.pid and Address.pid are equivalent if there is a referential constraint 
            // * PersonAddress.Person.pid and PersonAddress.Address.pid are
            //   equivalent if there is a referential constraint 
 
            // In short, Person.pid, Address.pid, PersonAddress.Address.pid,
            // PersonAddress.Person.pid are the same 

            if (path0.EdmType is EntityTypeBase || path1.EdmType is EntityTypeBase ||
                MetadataHelper.IsNonRefSimpleMember(path0.LeafEdmMember) == false ||
                MetadataHelper.IsNonRefSimpleMember(path1.LeafEdmMember) == false) 
            {
                // If the path corresponds to a top level extent only, ignore 
                // it. Or if it is not a scalar 
                return false;
            } 

            AssociationSet assocSet0 = path0.Extent as AssociationSet;
            AssociationSet assocSet1 = path1.Extent as AssociationSet;
            EntitySet entitySet0 = path0.Extent as EntitySet; 
            EntitySet entitySet1 = path1.Extent as EntitySet;
            bool result = false; 
 
            if (assocSet0 != null && assocSet1 != null)
            { 
                // PersonAddress.Person.pid and PersonAddress.Address.pid case
                // Check if they are the same association or not
                if (assocSet0.Equals(assocSet1) == false)
                { 
                    return false;
                } 
                result = AreAssocationEndPathsEquivalentViaRefConstraint(path0, path1, assocSet0); 
            }
            else if (entitySet0 != null && entitySet1 != null) 
            {
                // Person.pid, Address.pid case
                // Find all the associations between the two sets. If the
                // fields are equivalent via any association + referential 
                // constraint, return true
                List assocSets = MetadataHelper.GetAssociationsForEntitySets(entitySet0, entitySet1); 
                foreach (AssociationSet assocSet in assocSets) 
                {
                    // For Person.pid, get PersonAddress.Person.pid or 
                    MemberPath assocEndPath0 = path0.GetCorrespondingAssociationPath(assocSet);
                    MemberPath assocEndPath1 = path1.GetCorrespondingAssociationPath(assocSet);
                    if (AreAssocationEndPathsEquivalentViaRefConstraint(assocEndPath0, assocEndPath1, assocSet))
                    { 
                        result = true;
                        break; 
                    } 
                }
 
            }
            else
            {
                // One of them is an assocSet and the other is an entity set 
                AssociationSet assocSet = assocSet0 != null ? assocSet0 : assocSet1;
                EntitySet entitySet = entitySet0 != null ? entitySet0 : entitySet1; 
                Debug.Assert(assocSet != null && entitySet != null, 
                             "One set must be association and the other must be entity set");
 
                MemberPath assocEndPathA = path0.Extent is AssociationSet ? path0 : path1;
                MemberPath entityPath = path0.Extent is EntitySet ? path0 : path1;
                MemberPath assocEndPathB = entityPath.GetCorrespondingAssociationPath(assocSet);
                if (assocEndPathB == null) 
                {
                    //An EntitySet might participate in multiple AssociationSets 
                    //and this might not be the association set that defines the expected referential 
                    //constraint
                    //Return false since this does not have any referential constraint specified 
                    result = false;
                }
                else
                { 
                    result = AreAssocationEndPathsEquivalentViaRefConstraint(assocEndPathA, assocEndPathB, assocSet);
                } 
            } 

            return result; 
        }

        // requires: path0 and path1 correspond to paths in assocSet
        // effects: Returns true if assocPath0 and assocPath1 are 
        // equivalent via a referential constraint in assocSet
        private static bool AreAssocationEndPathsEquivalentViaRefConstraint(MemberPath assocPath0, 
                                                                            MemberPath assocPath1, 
                                                                            AssociationSet assocSet)
        { 
            Debug.Assert(assocPath0.Extent.Equals(assocSet) && assocPath1.Extent.Equals(assocSet),
                         "Extent for paths must be assocSet");

            AssociationEndMember end0 = assocPath0.RootEdmMember as AssociationEndMember; 
            AssociationEndMember end1 = assocPath1.RootEdmMember as AssociationEndMember;
            EdmProperty property0 = assocPath0.LeafEdmMember as EdmProperty; 
            EdmProperty property1 = assocPath1.LeafEdmMember as EdmProperty; 

            if (end0 == null || end1 == null || property0 == null || property1 == null) 
            {
                return false;
            }
 
            // Now check if these fields are connected via a referential constraint
            AssociationType assocType = assocSet.ElementType; 
            bool foundConstraint = false; 

            foreach (ReferentialConstraint constraint in assocType.ReferentialConstraints) 
            {
                bool isFrom0 = end0.Name == constraint.FromRole.Name &&
                    end1.Name == constraint.ToRole.Name;
                bool isFrom1 = end1.Name == constraint.FromRole.Name && 
                    end0.Name == constraint.ToRole.Name;
 
                if (isFrom0 || isFrom1) 
                {
                    // Found an RI for the two sets. Make sure that the properties are at the same ordinal 

                    // isFrom0 is true when end0 corresponds to FromRole and end1 to ToRole
                    ReadOnlyMetadataCollection properties0 = isFrom0 ? constraint.FromProperties : constraint.ToProperties;
                    ReadOnlyMetadataCollection properties1 = isFrom0 ? constraint.ToProperties : constraint.FromProperties; 
                    int indexForPath0 = properties0.IndexOf(property0);
                    int indexForPath1 = properties1.IndexOf(property1); 
                    if (indexForPath0 == indexForPath1 && indexForPath0 != -1) 
                    {
                        foundConstraint = true; 
                        break;
                    }
                }
            } 
            return foundConstraint;
        } 
 
        // Note: this need not correspond to a key field of an entity set E and
        // assocSet corresponds to an association whose one end is E 
        //
        // effects: Returns the MemberPath corresponding to that field in the
        // assocSet. E.g., given Address.pid, returns PersonAddress.Address.pid.
        // For self-associations, such as ManagerEmployee with referential 
        // constraints (and we have [,
        // ]), given Employee.mid, returns 
        // ManagerEmployee.Employee.mid or ManagerEmployee.Manager.mid 
        private MemberPath GetCorrespondingAssociationPath(AssociationSet assocSet)
        { 
            Debug.Assert(Extent is EntitySet, "path must correspond to entity");

            // Find the end corresponding to the entity set
            AssociationEndMember end = MetadataHelper.GetSomeEndForEntitySet(assocSet, (EntitySet)m_extent); 
            //An EntitySet might participate in multiple AssociationSets
            //and this might not be the association set that defines the expected referential 
            //constraint 
            if (end == null)
            { 
                return null;
            }
            // Create the new members using the end
            List newMembers = new List(); 
            newMembers.Add(end);
            newMembers.AddRange(m_path); 
            // The extent is the assocSet 
            MemberPath result = new MemberPath(assocSet, newMembers);
            return result; 
        }

        // effects: If this identifies a relationship end, return its scope.
        // Otherwise, returns null. 
        internal EntitySet GetScopeOfRelationEnd()
        { 
            if (m_path.Count == 0) 
            {
                return null; 
            }

            AssociationEndMember relationEndMember = LeafEdmMember as AssociationEndMember;
            if (relationEndMember == null) 
            {
                return null; 
            } 

            // Yes, it's a reference, determine its entity set refScope 
            AssociationSet associationSet = (AssociationSet)m_extent;
            EntitySet result = MetadataHelper.GetEntitySetAtEnd(associationSet, relationEndMember);
            return result;
        } 

        // effects: Returns a string of the form a.b.c that corresponds to 
        // the "this's" path -- This string can be used for tests or 
        // localization
        // If forAlias is true, we return a string that is relevant for Cql 
        // aliases, else we return the exact path
        internal string PathToString(bool? forAlias)
        {
            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); 

            if (forAlias != null) 
            { 
                if (forAlias == true)
                { 
                    // For the 0th entry, we just choose the type of the element in
                    // which the first entry belongs, e.g., if Addr belongs to CCustomer,
                    // we choose CCustomer and not CPerson.
                    if (m_path.Count == 0) 
                    {
                        EntityTypeBase type = m_extent.ElementType; 
                        return type.Name; 
                    }
                    builder.Append(m_path[0].DeclaringType.Name); // Get CCustomer here 
                }
                else
                {
                    // Append the extent name 
                    builder.Append(m_extent.Name);
                } 
            } 

            // Just join the path using "." 
            for (int i = 0; i < m_path.Count; i++)
            {
                builder.Append('.');
                builder.Append(m_path[i].Name); 
            }
            return builder.ToString(); 
        } 

        // effects: Returns a human-readable string corresponding to this 
        internal override void ToCompactString(StringBuilder builder)
        {
            builder.Append(PathToString(false));
        } 

        internal void ToCompactString(StringBuilder builder, string instanceToken) 
        { 
            builder.Append(instanceToken + PathToString(null));
        } 

        #endregion

        #region Comparer 
        private class MemberPathComparer : IEqualityComparer
        { 
 
            public bool Equals(MemberPath left, MemberPath right)
            { 
                if (object.ReferenceEquals(left, right))
                {
                    return true;
                } 
                // One of them is non-null at least. So if the other one is
                // null, we cannot be equal 
                if (left == null || right == null) 
                {
                    return false; 
                }
                // Both are non-null at this point
                // Checks that the paths are equal component-wise
                if (left.m_extent.Equals(right.m_extent) == false || left.m_path.Count != right.m_path.Count) 
                {
                    return false; 
                } 

                for (int i = 0; i < left.m_path.Count; i++) 
                {
                    // Comparing MemberMetadata -- can use Equals
                    if (false == left.m_path[i].Equals(right.m_path[i]))
                    { 
                        return false;
                    } 
                } 
                return true;
            } 

            public int GetHashCode(MemberPath key)
            {
                int result = key.m_extent.GetHashCode(); 
                foreach (EdmMember member in key.m_path)
                { 
                    result ^= member.GetHashCode(); 
                }
                return result; 
            }
        }
        #endregion
    } 
}

// File provided for Reference Use Only by Microsoft Corporation (c) 2007.
//---------------------------------------------------------------------- 
// 
//      Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.
// 
// 
// @owner [....]
// @backupOwner [....] 
//--------------------------------------------------------------------- 

using System; 
using System.Data.Common.Utils;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Diagnostics; 
using System.Data.Mapping.ViewGeneration.CqlGeneration;
using System.Data.Metadata.Edm; 
using System.Linq; 

namespace System.Data.Mapping.ViewGeneration.Structures 
{

    // A class that corresponds to a path in some extent, e.g., Person,
    // Person.addr, Person.addr.state 
    internal class MemberPath : InternalBase, IEquatable
    { 
        #region Fields 
        private readonly EntitySetBase m_extent; // The base entity set and list of members in the path
        private readonly List m_path; 
        internal static readonly IEqualityComparer EqualityComparer = new MemberPathComparer();
        #endregion

        #region Constructors 
        // effects: Creates a memberpath that corresponds to path in some
        // extent (or an extent itself) 
        internal MemberPath(EntitySetBase extent, IEnumerable path) 
        {
            m_extent = extent; 
            m_path = path.ToList();
        }

        // effects: Creates a memberpath that corresponds to path in some 
        // extent (or an extent itself)
        internal MemberPath(EntitySetBase extent) 
            : this(extent, Enumerable.Empty()) 
        {
        } 

        // effects: Creates the path corresponding to "extent.member"
        internal MemberPath(EntitySetBase extent, EdmMember member)
            : this(extent, Enumerable.Repeat(member, 1)) 
        {
        } 
 
        // effects: Given a path "prefix" and a member "last",
        // creates a memberpath corresponding to the path "prefix.last" 
        internal MemberPath(MemberPath prefix, EdmMember last)
        {
            m_extent = prefix.m_extent;
            m_path = new List(prefix.m_path); 
            m_path.Add(last);
        } 
        #endregion 

        #region Properties 
        internal string LeafEdmMemberName
        {
            get
            { 
                if (m_path.Count == 0)
                { 
                    return m_extent.Name; 
                }
                else 
                {
                    return LeafEdmMember.Name;
                }
            } 
        }
 
        ///  
        /// Tells whether the first member is a computed member, as
        ///  
        internal bool IsComputed
        {
            get
            { 
                if (m_path.Count == 0)
                { 
                    return false; 
                }
                else 
                {
                    return RootEdmMember.IsStoreGeneratedComputed;
                }
            } 
        }
 
        // effects: Returns the default value stored in the metadata for 
        // this. If no default value is present, returns null
        internal object DefaultValue 
        {
            get
            {
                if (m_path.Count == 0) 
                {
                    return null; 
                } 
                Facet facet;
                if (LeafEdmMember.TypeUsage.Facets.TryGetValue(EdmProviderManifest.DefaultValueFacetName, false, out facet)) 
                {
                    return facet.Value;
                }
                return null; 
            }
        } 
 
        // effects: Returns true if the last element of this is part of the key
        internal bool IsPartOfKey 
        {
            get
            {
                if (m_path.Count == 0) 
                {
                    return false; 
                } 
                EdmProperty property = LeafEdmMember as EdmProperty;
                Debug.Assert(property != null || LeafEdmMember is AssociationEndMember); 
                return MetadataHelper.IsPartOfEntityTypeKey(property);
            }
        }
 
        internal bool IsNullable
        { 
            get 
            {
                if (m_path.Count == 0) 
                {
                    return false;
                }
                return MetadataHelper.IsMemberNullable(LeafEdmMember); 
            }
        } 
 
        // requires: this corresponds to an entity set or an association set end
        internal EntitySet EntitySet 
        {
            get
            {
                Debug.Assert(m_path.Count <= 1); 
                if (m_path.Count == 0)
                { 
                    return (EntitySet)m_extent; // Require clause says it is an entity set 
                }
                else 
                {
                    AssociationEndMember endMember = (AssociationEndMember)RootEdmMember;
                    EntitySet result = MetadataHelper.GetEntitySetAtEnd((AssociationSet)m_extent, endMember);
                    return result; 
                }
            } 
        } 

        internal EntitySetBase Extent 
        {
            get { return m_extent; }
        }
 
        // effects: Returns the type of attribute denoted by the path
        // For example, member type of Person.addr.zip would be integer. For 
        // extent, it is the element type 
        internal EdmType EdmType
        { 
            get
            {
                if (m_path.Count > 0)
                { 
                    return LeafEdmMember.TypeUsage.EdmType;
                } 
                else 
                {
                    return m_extent.ElementType; 
                }
            }
        }
 
        // requires: this has at least one element below the extent
        // effects: Returns the last property in this path 
        internal EdmMember LeafEdmMember 
        {
            get 
            {
                Debug.Assert(m_path.Count > 0);
                return m_path[m_path.Count - 1];
            } 
        }
 
 
        // requires: this has at least one element below the extent
        // effects: Returns the first property in this path 
        internal EdmMember RootEdmMember
        {
            get
            { 
                Debug.Assert(m_path.Count > 0);
                return m_path[0]; 
            } 
        }
 
        // effects: Given a memberpath and block alias, returns a valid Cql
        // identifier of the form "blockAlias.identfier". If tableAlias is
        // null, just returns identifier
        internal string CqlFieldAlias 
        {
            get 
            { 
                string alias = PathToString(true);
                if (false == alias.Contains("_")) 
                {
                    // if alias the member does not contain any _, we can replace
                    // the . with _ so that we can get a simple identifier
                    alias = alias.Replace('.', '_'); 
                }
 
                StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); 
                CqlWriter.AppendEscapedName(builder, alias);
                return builder.ToString(); 
            }
        }

        // effects: returns false iff this is 
        // * A descendant of some nullable property
        // * A descendant of an optional composition/collection 
        // * A descendant of a property that does not belong to the 
        //   basetype/rootype of its parent
        internal bool IsAlwaysDefined(Dictionary> inheritanceGraph) 
        {
            if (m_path.Count == 0)
            {
                // Extents are always defined 
                return true;
            } 
 
            EdmMember member = m_path.Last();
 
            //Dont check last member, thats the property we are testing
            for (int i = 0; i < m_path.Count - 1; i++)
            {
                EdmMember current = m_path[i]; 
                // If member is nullable then "this" will not always be defined
                if (MetadataHelper.IsMemberNullable(current)) 
                { 
                    return false;
                } 
            }

            //Now check if there are any concrete types other than all subtypes of Type defining this member
 
            //by definition association types member are always present since they are IDs
            if (m_path[0].DeclaringType is AssociationType) 
            { 
                return true;
            } 

            EntityType entitySetType = m_extent.ElementType as EntityType;
            if (entitySetType == null) //association type
            { 
                return true;
            } 
 
            //well, we handle the first case because we don't knwo how to get to subtype (i.e. the edge to avoid)
            EntityType memberDeclaringType = m_path[0].DeclaringType as EntityType; 
            EntityType parentType = memberDeclaringType.BaseType as EntityType;


            if (entitySetType.EdmEquals(memberDeclaringType) || MetadataHelper.IsParentOf(memberDeclaringType, entitySetType) || parentType == null) 
            {
                return true; 
            } 
            else if (!parentType.Abstract && !MetadataHelper.DoesMemberExist(parentType, member))
            { 
                return false;
            }

            bool result = !RecurseToFindMemberAbsentInConcreteType(parentType, memberDeclaringType, member, entitySetType, inheritanceGraph); 
            return result;
        } 
 
        private static bool RecurseToFindMemberAbsentInConcreteType(EntityType current, EntityType avoidEdge, EdmMember member, EntityType entitySetType, Dictionary> inheritanceGraph)
        { 
            Set edges = inheritanceGraph[current];

            //for each outgoing edge (from current) where the edge is not the one to avoid,
            // navigate depth-first 
            foreach (var edge in edges.Where(type => !type.EdmEquals(avoidEdge)))
            { 
                //Dont traverse above the EntitySet's Element type 
                if (entitySetType.BaseType != null && entitySetType.BaseType.EdmEquals(edge))
                { 
                    continue;
                }

                if (!edge.Abstract && !MetadataHelper.DoesMemberExist(edge, member)) 
                {
                    //found it.. I'm the concrete type that has member absent. 
                    return true; 
                }
 
                if (RecurseToFindMemberAbsentInConcreteType(edge, current /*avoid traversing down back here*/, member, entitySetType, inheritanceGraph))
                {
                    //one of the edges reachable from me found it
                    return true; 
                }
            } 
            //no body found this counter example 
            return false;
        } 

        #endregion

        #region Methods 
        // effects: Determines all the identifiers used in this and adds them to identifiers
        internal void GetIdentifiers(CqlIdentifiers identifiers) 
        { 
            // Get the extent name and extent type name
            identifiers.AddIdentifier(m_extent.Name); 
            identifiers.AddIdentifier(m_extent.ElementType.Name);
            foreach (EdmMember member in m_path)
            {
                identifiers.AddIdentifier(member.Name); 
            }
        } 
 
        // effects: Returns true iff all members are nullable properties, i.e., if even one
        // of them is non-nullable, returns false 
        internal static bool AreAllMembersNullable(IEnumerable members)
        {
            foreach (MemberPath path in members)
            { 
                if (path.m_path.Count == 0)
                { 
                    return false; // Extents are not nullable 
                }
                if (path.IsNullable == false) 
                {
                    return false;
                }
            } 
            return true;
        } 
 
        // effects: Returns a string that has the list of properties in
        // members (i.e., just the last name) if fullPath is false. Else the 
        // fullPAth is added
        internal static string PropertiesToUserString(IEnumerable members, bool fullPath)
        {
            bool isFirst = true; 
            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
            foreach (MemberPath path in members) 
            { 
                if (isFirst == false)
                { 
                    builder.Append(", ");
                }
                isFirst = false;
                if (fullPath) 
                {
                    builder.Append(path.PathToString(false)); 
                } 
                else
                { 
                    builder.Append(path.LeafEdmMemberName);
                }
            }
            return builder.ToString(); 
        }
 
        // effects: Given a member path and an alias, returns a string 
        // correspondng to the fully-qualified name tableAlias.path
        // e.g.,  T1.Address.Phone.Zip. If a subcomponent belongs to 
        // subclass, generates a treat for it, e.g. TREAT(T1 as Customer).Address
        // Or even TREAT(TREAT(T1 AS Customer).Address as USAddress).Zip
        // Returns the modified builder
        internal StringBuilder AsCql(StringBuilder inputBuilder, string blockAlias) 
        {
            // Due to the TREAT stuff, we cannot build incrementally. So we use a local 
            // StringBuilder -- it should not be that inefficient (one extra copy) 

            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); 
            CqlWriter.AppendEscapedName(builder, blockAlias);
            // Keep track of the previous type so that we can determine if we
            // need to cast or not
            EdmType prevType = m_extent.ElementType; 

            foreach (EdmMember member in m_path) 
            { 

                // If prevType is a ref (e.g., ref to CPerson), we need to get the 
                // type that it is pointing to and then look for this member in that

                StructuralType prevStructuralType;
                RefType refType = null; 
                if (Helper.IsRefType(prevType))
                { 
                    refType = (RefType)prevType; 
                    prevStructuralType = refType.ElementType;
                } 
                else
                {
                    prevStructuralType = (StructuralType)prevType;
                } 

                // Check whether the prevType has the present member in it. 
                // If not, we will need to cast the prev type to the 
                // appropriate subtype
                bool found = MetadataHelper.DoesMemberExist(prevStructuralType, member); 

                // For reference types, the key must be present in the element type itself.
                // E.g., if we have Ref(CPerson), the key must be present as CPerson.pid
                // or CPerson.Address.Phone.Number (i.e., in a complex type). Note that it cannot 
                // be present in the subtype of address or phone either, i.e., this path
                // better not have any TREAT calls 
                // We are at CPerson right now. So if we say Key(CPerson), we will get a row with 
                // all the key elements. Then we can continue going down the path in CPerson
                if (refType != null) 
                {
                    Debug.Assert(found == true, "We did not find the key property in " +
                                 "a ref's element type - it cannot be in a subtype");
                    // Emit an extract key from the ref 
                    builder.Insert(0, "Key(");
                    builder.Append(")"); 
                } 
                else if (false == found)
                { 
                    // Need to add Treat(... as ...) expression in the
                    // beginning. Note that it does handle cases like
                    // TREAT(TREAT(T1 AS Customer).Address as USAddress).Zip
                    Debug.Assert(!Helper.IsRefType(prevType), "We do not allow subtyping in key extraction from Refs"); 
                    builder.Insert(0, "TREAT(");
                    builder.Append(" AS "); 
                    CqlWriter.AppendEscapedTypeName(builder, member.DeclaringType); 
                    builder.Append(')');
                } 

                // Add the member's name. We had a path "T1.A.B" till now
                builder.Append('.');
                CqlWriter.AppendEscapedName(builder, member.Name); 
                prevType = member.TypeUsage.EdmType;
            } 
            inputBuilder.Append(builder.ToString()); 
            return inputBuilder;
        } 

        public bool Equals(MemberPath right)
        {
            return EqualityComparer.Equals(this, right); 
        }
 
        public override bool Equals(object obj) 
        {
            MemberPath right = obj as MemberPath; 
            if (obj == null)
            {
                return false;
            } 
            return Equals(right);
        } 
 
        public override int GetHashCode()
        { 
            return EqualityComparer.GetHashCode(this);
        }

        // effects: Returns true if the element denoted by the path corresponds to a scalar (primitive or enum) 
        internal bool IsScalarType()
        { 
            return EdmType.BuiltInTypeKind == BuiltInTypeKind.PrimitiveType || 
                   EdmType.BuiltInTypeKind == BuiltInTypeKind.EnumType;
        } 

        internal static IEnumerable GetKeyMembers(EntitySetBase extent, MemberDomainMap domainMap)
        {
            MemberPath extentPath = new MemberPath(extent); 
            List keyAttributes = new List(
                extentPath.GetMembers(extentPath.Extent.ElementType, null /* isScalar */, null /* isConditional */, true /* isPartOfKey */, domainMap)); 
            Debug.Assert(keyAttributes.Any(), "No key attributes?"); 
            return keyAttributes;
        } 

        internal IEnumerable GetMembers(EdmType edmType, bool? isScalar, bool? isConditional, bool? isPartOfKey, MemberDomainMap domainMap)
        {
            MemberPath currentPath = this; 
            StructuralType structuralType = (StructuralType)edmType;
            foreach (EdmMember edmMember in structuralType.Members) 
            { 
                if (edmMember is AssociationEndMember)
                { 
                    // get end's keys
                    foreach (MemberPath endKey in new MemberPath(currentPath, edmMember).GetMembers(
                                                         ((RefType)edmMember.TypeUsage.EdmType).ElementType,
                                                         isScalar, isConditional, true /*isPartOfKey*/, domainMap)) 
                    {
                        yield return endKey; 
                    } 
                }
                bool isActuallyScalar = MetadataHelper.IsNonRefSimpleMember(edmMember); 
                if (isScalar == null || isScalar == isActuallyScalar)
                {
                    EdmProperty childProperty = edmMember as EdmProperty;
                    if (childProperty != null) 
                    {
                        bool isActuallyKey = MetadataHelper.IsPartOfEntityTypeKey(childProperty); 
                        if (isPartOfKey == null || isPartOfKey == isActuallyKey) 
                        {
                            MemberPath childPath = new MemberPath(currentPath, childProperty); 
                            bool isActuallyConditional = domainMap.IsConditionMember(childPath);
                            if (isConditional == null || isConditional == isActuallyConditional)
                            {
                                yield return childPath; 
                            }
                        } 
                    } 
                }
            } 
        }

        // effects: Returns true if this and path1 are equivalent on the C-side via a referential constraint
        internal bool IsEquivalentViaRefConstraint(MemberPath path1) 
        {
            MemberPath path0 = this; 
 
            // Now check if they are equivalent via referential constraint
 
            // For example,
            // * Person.pid and PersonAddress.Person.pid are equivalent
            // * Person.pid and PersonAddress.Address.pid are equivalent
            // * Person.pid and Address.pid are equivalent if there is a referential constraint 
            // * PersonAddress.Person.pid and PersonAddress.Address.pid are
            //   equivalent if there is a referential constraint 
 
            // In short, Person.pid, Address.pid, PersonAddress.Address.pid,
            // PersonAddress.Person.pid are the same 

            if (path0.EdmType is EntityTypeBase || path1.EdmType is EntityTypeBase ||
                MetadataHelper.IsNonRefSimpleMember(path0.LeafEdmMember) == false ||
                MetadataHelper.IsNonRefSimpleMember(path1.LeafEdmMember) == false) 
            {
                // If the path corresponds to a top level extent only, ignore 
                // it. Or if it is not a scalar 
                return false;
            } 

            AssociationSet assocSet0 = path0.Extent as AssociationSet;
            AssociationSet assocSet1 = path1.Extent as AssociationSet;
            EntitySet entitySet0 = path0.Extent as EntitySet; 
            EntitySet entitySet1 = path1.Extent as EntitySet;
            bool result = false; 
 
            if (assocSet0 != null && assocSet1 != null)
            { 
                // PersonAddress.Person.pid and PersonAddress.Address.pid case
                // Check if they are the same association or not
                if (assocSet0.Equals(assocSet1) == false)
                { 
                    return false;
                } 
                result = AreAssocationEndPathsEquivalentViaRefConstraint(path0, path1, assocSet0); 
            }
            else if (entitySet0 != null && entitySet1 != null) 
            {
                // Person.pid, Address.pid case
                // Find all the associations between the two sets. If the
                // fields are equivalent via any association + referential 
                // constraint, return true
                List assocSets = MetadataHelper.GetAssociationsForEntitySets(entitySet0, entitySet1); 
                foreach (AssociationSet assocSet in assocSets) 
                {
                    // For Person.pid, get PersonAddress.Person.pid or 
                    MemberPath assocEndPath0 = path0.GetCorrespondingAssociationPath(assocSet);
                    MemberPath assocEndPath1 = path1.GetCorrespondingAssociationPath(assocSet);
                    if (AreAssocationEndPathsEquivalentViaRefConstraint(assocEndPath0, assocEndPath1, assocSet))
                    { 
                        result = true;
                        break; 
                    } 
                }
 
            }
            else
            {
                // One of them is an assocSet and the other is an entity set 
                AssociationSet assocSet = assocSet0 != null ? assocSet0 : assocSet1;
                EntitySet entitySet = entitySet0 != null ? entitySet0 : entitySet1; 
                Debug.Assert(assocSet != null && entitySet != null, 
                             "One set must be association and the other must be entity set");
 
                MemberPath assocEndPathA = path0.Extent is AssociationSet ? path0 : path1;
                MemberPath entityPath = path0.Extent is EntitySet ? path0 : path1;
                MemberPath assocEndPathB = entityPath.GetCorrespondingAssociationPath(assocSet);
                if (assocEndPathB == null) 
                {
                    //An EntitySet might participate in multiple AssociationSets 
                    //and this might not be the association set that defines the expected referential 
                    //constraint
                    //Return false since this does not have any referential constraint specified 
                    result = false;
                }
                else
                { 
                    result = AreAssocationEndPathsEquivalentViaRefConstraint(assocEndPathA, assocEndPathB, assocSet);
                } 
            } 

            return result; 
        }

        // requires: path0 and path1 correspond to paths in assocSet
        // effects: Returns true if assocPath0 and assocPath1 are 
        // equivalent via a referential constraint in assocSet
        private static bool AreAssocationEndPathsEquivalentViaRefConstraint(MemberPath assocPath0, 
                                                                            MemberPath assocPath1, 
                                                                            AssociationSet assocSet)
        { 
            Debug.Assert(assocPath0.Extent.Equals(assocSet) && assocPath1.Extent.Equals(assocSet),
                         "Extent for paths must be assocSet");

            AssociationEndMember end0 = assocPath0.RootEdmMember as AssociationEndMember; 
            AssociationEndMember end1 = assocPath1.RootEdmMember as AssociationEndMember;
            EdmProperty property0 = assocPath0.LeafEdmMember as EdmProperty; 
            EdmProperty property1 = assocPath1.LeafEdmMember as EdmProperty; 

            if (end0 == null || end1 == null || property0 == null || property1 == null) 
            {
                return false;
            }
 
            // Now check if these fields are connected via a referential constraint
            AssociationType assocType = assocSet.ElementType; 
            bool foundConstraint = false; 

            foreach (ReferentialConstraint constraint in assocType.ReferentialConstraints) 
            {
                bool isFrom0 = end0.Name == constraint.FromRole.Name &&
                    end1.Name == constraint.ToRole.Name;
                bool isFrom1 = end1.Name == constraint.FromRole.Name && 
                    end0.Name == constraint.ToRole.Name;
 
                if (isFrom0 || isFrom1) 
                {
                    // Found an RI for the two sets. Make sure that the properties are at the same ordinal 

                    // isFrom0 is true when end0 corresponds to FromRole and end1 to ToRole
                    ReadOnlyMetadataCollection properties0 = isFrom0 ? constraint.FromProperties : constraint.ToProperties;
                    ReadOnlyMetadataCollection properties1 = isFrom0 ? constraint.ToProperties : constraint.FromProperties; 
                    int indexForPath0 = properties0.IndexOf(property0);
                    int indexForPath1 = properties1.IndexOf(property1); 
                    if (indexForPath0 == indexForPath1 && indexForPath0 != -1) 
                    {
                        foundConstraint = true; 
                        break;
                    }
                }
            } 
            return foundConstraint;
        } 
 
        // Note: this need not correspond to a key field of an entity set E and
        // assocSet corresponds to an association whose one end is E 
        //
        // effects: Returns the MemberPath corresponding to that field in the
        // assocSet. E.g., given Address.pid, returns PersonAddress.Address.pid.
        // For self-associations, such as ManagerEmployee with referential 
        // constraints (and we have [,
        // ]), given Employee.mid, returns 
        // ManagerEmployee.Employee.mid or ManagerEmployee.Manager.mid 
        private MemberPath GetCorrespondingAssociationPath(AssociationSet assocSet)
        { 
            Debug.Assert(Extent is EntitySet, "path must correspond to entity");

            // Find the end corresponding to the entity set
            AssociationEndMember end = MetadataHelper.GetSomeEndForEntitySet(assocSet, (EntitySet)m_extent); 
            //An EntitySet might participate in multiple AssociationSets
            //and this might not be the association set that defines the expected referential 
            //constraint 
            if (end == null)
            { 
                return null;
            }
            // Create the new members using the end
            List newMembers = new List(); 
            newMembers.Add(end);
            newMembers.AddRange(m_path); 
            // The extent is the assocSet 
            MemberPath result = new MemberPath(assocSet, newMembers);
            return result; 
        }

        // effects: If this identifies a relationship end, return its scope.
        // Otherwise, returns null. 
        internal EntitySet GetScopeOfRelationEnd()
        { 
            if (m_path.Count == 0) 
            {
                return null; 
            }

            AssociationEndMember relationEndMember = LeafEdmMember as AssociationEndMember;
            if (relationEndMember == null) 
            {
                return null; 
            } 

            // Yes, it's a reference, determine its entity set refScope 
            AssociationSet associationSet = (AssociationSet)m_extent;
            EntitySet result = MetadataHelper.GetEntitySetAtEnd(associationSet, relationEndMember);
            return result;
        } 

        // effects: Returns a string of the form a.b.c that corresponds to 
        // the "this's" path -- This string can be used for tests or 
        // localization
        // If forAlias is true, we return a string that is relevant for Cql 
        // aliases, else we return the exact path
        internal string PathToString(bool? forAlias)
        {
            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); 

            if (forAlias != null) 
            { 
                if (forAlias == true)
                { 
                    // For the 0th entry, we just choose the type of the element in
                    // which the first entry belongs, e.g., if Addr belongs to CCustomer,
                    // we choose CCustomer and not CPerson.
                    if (m_path.Count == 0) 
                    {
                        EntityTypeBase type = m_extent.ElementType; 
                        return type.Name; 
                    }
                    builder.Append(m_path[0].DeclaringType.Name); // Get CCustomer here 
                }
                else
                {
                    // Append the extent name 
                    builder.Append(m_extent.Name);
                } 
            } 

            // Just join the path using "." 
            for (int i = 0; i < m_path.Count; i++)
            {
                builder.Append('.');
                builder.Append(m_path[i].Name); 
            }
            return builder.ToString(); 
        } 

        // effects: Returns a human-readable string corresponding to this 
        internal override void ToCompactString(StringBuilder builder)
        {
            builder.Append(PathToString(false));
        } 

        internal void ToCompactString(StringBuilder builder, string instanceToken) 
        { 
            builder.Append(instanceToken + PathToString(null));
        } 

        #endregion

        #region Comparer 
        private class MemberPathComparer : IEqualityComparer
        { 
 
            public bool Equals(MemberPath left, MemberPath right)
            { 
                if (object.ReferenceEquals(left, right))
                {
                    return true;
                } 
                // One of them is non-null at least. So if the other one is
                // null, we cannot be equal 
                if (left == null || right == null) 
                {
                    return false; 
                }
                // Both are non-null at this point
                // Checks that the paths are equal component-wise
                if (left.m_extent.Equals(right.m_extent) == false || left.m_path.Count != right.m_path.Count) 
                {
                    return false; 
                } 

                for (int i = 0; i < left.m_path.Count; i++) 
                {
                    // Comparing MemberMetadata -- can use Equals
                    if (false == left.m_path[i].Equals(right.m_path[i]))
                    { 
                        return false;
                    } 
                } 
                return true;
            } 

            public int GetHashCode(MemberPath key)
            {
                int result = key.m_extent.GetHashCode(); 
                foreach (EdmMember member in key.m_path)
                { 
                    result ^= member.GetHashCode(); 
                }
                return result; 
            }
        }
        #endregion
    } 
}

// File provided for Reference Use Only by Microsoft Corporation (c) 2007.

                        

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